Hindu Ethics and Dharma - Varnashrama, Karma, Ahimsa

# Hindu Ethics and Dharma: A Comprehensive Framework

Dharma in Hinduism encompasses cosmic law, moral order, and duty, sustaining the universe and guiding individuals toward righteous living.

## Varnashrama Dharma

Four Varnas: Brahmin (priests/scholars), Kshatriya (warriors/rulers), Vaishya (merchants/farmers), Shudra (laborers/service). Four Ashramas: Brahmacharya (student), Grihastha (householder), Vanaprastha (forest dweller/retirement), Sannyasa (renunciation). The ideal: social harmony with each member contributing according to abilities and life stage. The rigid, hereditary caste system, often confused with varna, led to significant social inequities.